BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Pregnancy is the common name for gestation in humans. It is the development of one or more offspring, known as an embryo or fetus in the uterus (Wikipedia 2009). Pregnancy usually lasts for about nine (9) months in human beings. At this stage the embryo is developing offspring during the first 8 weeks following conception, and subsequently the term fetus is used until child birth. In many societies, medical or legal definitions of human pregnancy is somewhat arbitrarily divided into three trimester periods of three months each as a means to simplify reference to the different stages of prenatal development. The first trimester carries the highest risk of miscarriage (natural death of embryo or fetus). During the second trimester the development of the fetus can be more easily monitored and diagnosed. The third trimester is marked by further growth of the fetus and the development of fetal fat stores (Wikipedia 2009).
Abortion is the expulsion of the offspring in a state of development from the womb between one to seven months of pregnancy, which is giving birth before the right time. In most cases of abortion is referred to as miscarriage of birth. Abortion should be considered as a lifesaving situation due to illness. But however it is being practice at will due to societal changes and orientations. It is a situation where life is being tempered and it is becoming too dangerous and threatening to the life of the mother.
Abortion is also a form of removing pregnancy from the womb, either by taking pills (medical abortion) which involves taking medicines to cause miscarriage or by surgery (surgical abortion) where the pregnancy is removed from the womb. Most abortions can be provided on a daycare basis which means you do not need to stay at a clinic overnight. Every year almost 12,000 thousand teenage girls have abortion (Bpas 2009).
Abortion consists of two types which are the PILLS and SURGICAL abortion. The pills abortion is used after 9 to 24 weeks of pregnancy which involves taking of medicines to cause the womb to contract and push out the pregnancy. Also from 22 weeks after which the pregnancy is push out and an injection to the womb is given. Such injections are given to ensure the homeostatic balance of the uterus. However a checkup visit to the clinic is also required. Surgical abortion is the dilation and evacuation of the fetus which takes up to 15 to 24 weeks of the pregnancy. In surgical abortion the doctors are required to remove the pregnancy using narrow forceps passed through the neck of the womb. This form of abortion is carried out under general anesthetic conditions (asleep). In surgical abortions, one can visit the clinic and return home the same day of abortion (for pregnancy up to 20 weeks) (Bpass 2009).
Abortion is obviously increasing and identified as a social problem in so many ways, it destabilizes the teenager’s educational career as a useful member of the society. She is out rightly stigmatized by the society and in the long run turns the girl into a prostitute. Another major incidence of pregnancy and abortion is the socio-cultural background of people within Numan Local Government. This is attributed to the orientation or beliefs which subjected the girl-child to early hawking at a very tender age of about nine or ten years. These inappropriate exposures make her vulnerable as well asthe deceitfulness of irresponsible young boys and old men, usually compromise with her innocence.
It is a common fact that the impact of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education in our secondary schools is spreading in our communities and this need to be eradicated or reduced in the Local Government. In other words to solve this problem the parents and teachers should mould their children to be better adults. The government should introduce sex education in our secondary schools and tertiary institutions,’ and introduce relevant academic curriculum in order to reduce the cases of unwanted pregnancy.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Impact of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education are being identified as a major problem that causes backwardness in a girl-child education. The study is aimed at finding out what brought about pregnancy and abortion and also the researcher will try to know whether harsh economic situation contributes to the pregnancy and abortion in Obowo Local Government Area of Imo State.
The project is also on the impact of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education among female students in Obowo Local Government Area of Imo State is an attempt to solve and provide answer to the following questions:
1. That female students terminate their education/unduly because of the impact of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education in our secondary schools.
2. That there is inadequate parental care which leads to the rampant cases of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education in our secondary schools.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose in embarking on this research work is to find out and look into the problem of pregnancy and abortion on girl-child education performance that prevails in our secondary schools. The researcher will carry out this research work in order to make his contribution and recommendation to our secondary schools in Obowo Local Government.
The researcher also chooses this project to determine the level of performance of our female students in our secondary schools in Obowo Local Government with a view and determination to prove to individual, the society and the nation concerned that, they are facing a serious problem that need every body’s efforts to bring about apparent difference and lasting solution.
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